Concepts

A measure of how successful a bird is at food acquisition, quantified through observations as foraging rate (number of forages divided by time observed)

The ability to extract nutrients from consumed food, measured here by frass mass relative to provision mass and extent of pollen grain digestion

Lifetime reproductive output of individual organisms, measured as total brood cell production across all nests for female bees

Statistical methods for analyzing time-to-event data, here focused on summer survival probability

The duration a pollinator spends foraging on each flower, calculated by dividing total foraging bout duration by number of flowers visited