Technical report (1972-1980). Covers Philadelphia, Blacksburg, Virginia. Topics: water quality management, environmental management, toxicity testing, multispecies toxicity tests. Agencies: American Water Resources Association, Water Science and Technology Board, National Research Council. Cites 50 external works.
Knowledge graph centered on Toxic Waste Papers- John Cairns with 61 nodes and 60 connections. Top connected: United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA), Pekania pennanti, United States Department of Agriculture (implied AAA), Congress, Bacteria.
Stakeholders (42)
Agencies, organizations, and groups mentioned as actors in this document.
United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA)United States Department of Agriculture (implied AAA)CongressWater Quality Control CommissionU.S. Dept. of AgricultureExxon CorporationUniversity of WyomingNational Academy of Sciences
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National Research CouncilU.S. Public Health ServiceAmerican Water Resources AssociationUniversity of Kansas (K.U.)University of TexasAmerican Fisheries SocietyU.S. Geological Survey Water Resources DivisionEnvironment Canada
A site-specific field and laboratory evaluation of fish and Asiatic clam population re- sponses to coal fired power plant discharges (1983) — Cairns, J., Jr. and Cherry D.S.
in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (1982)
Predictive and reactive systems for aquat- tic ecosystem quality control (1982) — Cairns, J., Jr.
Review: The use of environmental toxicology data in hazard assessment: Progress, needs, challenges (1982) — Kenaga, E.E.
Show 168 more other
f/4) Robert~. J (1982) — Mitsch, R. W. Bosserman. and J. M. Klopatek, Eds., Elsevier Scientific Publishing Co., Am!ttcrdam, The Netherlands
Commentary of "A critique of assimilative capacity by !.C (1981) — Westman, W.E.
A critique of assimilative capacity (1981) — Campbell, I.e.
Symhesizing aquatic: microcosms (1981) — Taub, F. B. and Crow, !\·f. E.
Responst· ofaquatic microcosms to acute mortality (1981) — Taub, F. B., Crow, M. E .. and Hartman, H .. J.
Restoration of damaged ecosystems (1981) — Cairns J. Jr
issue of Science announces as a matter of general interest the development of a sealed microcosm which has stable characteristics and species composition for over a year (1981)
Related Works
Items connected by shared entities, co-authorship, citations, or semantic similarity.
NAT. REs. CoUN., TESTING FOR EFFECTS OF CHEMICALS ON ECOSYSTEMS xii (1981) (1980) — Cairns, Jr., Guest Editorial: Beyond Single Species Testing, 4 MARINE ENV'l"L REs.
Monitoring aberrant respiratory heart rate of a teleost fish (1980) — Maki A. W.
The effect of island size, distance, and epicenter maturity on the colonization process in freshwater protozoan communities (1980) — Henebry, M.S. and. Cairns,J.,Jr.
The effects of a sublethal dose of copper sulfate on the colonization rate of freshwater protozoan communities (1980) — Cairns, J., Jr., Hart K.M. and Henebry M.S.
Bio- mental simulation of a coastal marine ecosystem (1980) — Maid A., Dickson K. L. & Cairns J. Jr (Eds)
Estimating hazard (1980) — Cairns J. Jr
A technique for the enum- eration of benthic ciliated Protozoa (1979) — Finlay, B.J ., Laybourn,J ., and Strachan, I.
Selection in /K continuum in ('Xpt~rimental popula- tions of Protozoa (1979) — Luckinbill, L. S.
; Deland, EPA "Policy" for Testing Toft:s, 15(4) ENV'l"L ScmNCE & TECH (1979) — Cairns, Jr. & Maki, Hazard Analysis in Tcwic Materials E11aluatWn, 51(4) J. WATER PoLL. CoN'I'aoL FED. 666-71
Survival of Euglena gracilis to sublethal temperature and hexavalent (1979) — Yongue, W. H., Jr., Berrent, B. L., and Cairns, J., Jr.
Final summary. In Biologicallndicarors Heath R (1979) — Cairns J. Jr.
Large A. J. (1980) The risk/benefit debate (1979) — Dickson K. L.. Maki A. W. & Cairns J. Jr (Eds)
Some considerations in the design of aquatic Mushroom Hunters, 267 pp (1979) — Dudzik M., Harte J.. Jassby A., Lapan E.• Levy D. & Rees nic Mushroom Poisoning. a Handbook for Physicians and J.
Perturbation Agency, Washington, DC (1979) — Odum E. P., Finn J. T. & Franz E. H.
Cooperative Agree- Microbial Ecology (Edited by Rosswall T.), pp (1979) — Pennsylvania State University
Analyz~ the Hazard Evaluation Process (1979) — Dickson, K.L., Maki A.W. and Cairns, J., Jr., Ed.
Estimating Drummond R (1979) — Cairns J. Jr, Dickson K. L. & Maki A.
Fish and Daphnia toxicity as surrogates for aquatic vascular plants and algae (1979) — Kenaga, E.E. and Moolenaar R.J.
Designing a rni<"mco~m bioassay to detec.t ecosystem level eflects (1979) — Cooke, W. B. ( 19~6). Colonization of artificial hare art'as hy microorganisms. Botanical Re1Jiew 22, 613-63R. Crow, ~f. E. and Taub, F. B.
f/5) National Research Council, Keptme/MirexiHrxachlurocyclupentodiene: An Envirunmen· tal Assrsmu~nt, Committee for Scientific and Technical Assessments of Environmental Pol· -Jut ants (1978) — National Re!tearch Council of Canada, Ottawa
Biological Surveillance of Rivers (1978) — Hellawell, J.M.
Biotic processes (1978) — New York. Klein W. & Scheunert I.
\ phia (1978) — Majewski H. S .• Klaverkamp J F. & Scott D. P.
of rehabilitation of 3 (1978)
An annotated in Ecological Research, (Edited by Giesy J.) (1978) — Blanck H. G. D. & Gustafsson K.
Environment- al safety assessment of new materials (1978) — Kimerle, R.A., Gledhill W.E. and Levinskas G.J.
Field and laboratory centrations in sockeye salmon (Onc!>rhynchus nerka) protocols for evaluating effects of potentially toxic exposed to low concentrations of copper (1978) — Cairns J. Jr. & Dickson K. L.
Estimating the Hazard of Chemical Substances to Aquatic Life (1978) — Cairns, J., Jr., Dickson K.L. and Maki A., Ed.
Community production and respiration by ciliated Protozoa in the benthos of a small eutrophic lock (1978) — Finlay, B. .J.
Field and laboratory vironmental Protection Agency (1978) — Cairns J. Jr & Dickson K. L.
Springfield. VA (1978) — Cairns J. Jr, Dickson K. L. & Maki A. W. (Eds)
Thf~ dc·w·lopnwnt of the WRC wat<·r quality monitor using fist. (1977) — Frtthwaltr ProltJ?_nan C11mmunilitt 283 Millr.r, W. F.
NASA water monitor sys- Westlalce G (1977) — Taylor R. E.&: Jeffers E.
Thre~holds and breakpoints in ecosystems with a multiplicity of stable states (1977) — May, R.M.
Quantification of biological integrity (1977) — Cairns, J., Jr.
The influence of organic pollution on the dynamics of artificial island colonization by Protozoa (1977) — Kuhn, D. L. and Plafkin, J. L.
Some monitoring and analytical Swedish Environmental Protection Board (1977) — Hasselrot T. B. (19751 Bioassay methods of the National Kleerekoper H.
Thresholds and breakpoints in eco- Schramm G (1977) — May R. M.
Community structure of protozoan aud algae.· with particular emphasis on recently colonized bodies fJf watt·r (1977) — Maguire, B., Jr.
Aquatic-ecosystem assimilative capacity (1977) — Cairns J. Jr
A biological monitoring system employing rheo- (1973a) Developing biological information systems for taxis of fish (1977) — Besch W. K .• Kemball A .• Meyer-Waarden K. & Scharf B. Cairns J. Jr. Lanza G. R.• Sparks R. E. & Waller W. T.
Pages Cairns. J . (1977) — John Wiley and Sons. Chichester. England. Neely. W. B.. and G. E. Blau
The LevinS (1977) — Nixon S. W., Buckley B. A. & Heltsche J. F.
Diatom communities (1977) — Patrick, R.
Cytotoxicity ofsynthc•tic fuel product on Tetrnlzymena PJ'riformis (1977) — Shultz, T. W. and Dumont,.J. N.
Experimental aquatic laboratory f•c:osystl'ms and com- munities (1977) — Cooke, G. D.
Befund der Schadwirkung wasser g(-fahrdt'uder Stoffc gegen Daphnia magna (Damaging and action of water pollutants to Daphnia magna) (1977) — Hringmann, G. and Kuhn, R.
Biomonitormg with fish: an aid to 193-198 (1977) — Morgan W. S. G.
Experiment~l aquatic laboratory eco- National Technical Information Service (1977) — Cooke G. D.
An automatic system for rapid detec- 6--8 (1977) — American Benthological Society, Roanoke, VA, April Poets C. L. M.
15 U.S.C. SS 2601·2629 (1982) (1976) — Toxic Substances Control Act of
& Supp. IV 1980); 44 Fed (1976) — See 15 U.S.C. §S 2601-2629
& Supp. IV 1980) (1976) — 15 U.S.C. SS 2601-2629
& Supp. IY.1980) (1976) — See 33 U.S.C. SS 301-304
Heated wastewater effects on aquatic Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA (1976) — Cairns J. Jr
The microcosm as a tool for estimation results from a soil/litter microcosm (1976) — Draggan S.
Toxic action of E;~am (1976)
The effects of methoxy- Ecosystems (1976) — Eisele P. J. & Hartung R.
An on-line biological complex effluents (1976) — Brubaker J. H. & Moss J. R.
Summary. In Biological Monitoring of salmon (1976) — Cairns J. Jr
Biological Monitoring of Water and EJ/luent Ellgaard E (1976) — Cairns J. Jr, Dickson K. L. & Westlake G. F. (Editors) Zool. 55. 1077-1081.
Effects of turbidity carpio) (1976) — Horkel J. D. & Pearson W. D.
fish. Acta physiol (1976) — Marais J. F .. Akers A. F. A. & Van Der Ryst P.
Distributaon and effects of cnv1ronmental !:.tress in fish (1976) — Mcintosh A. & Bishop W.
respiratory movements of aquatic insects (1975) — Hall J. W .. Arnold J. C .• Waller W. T. & Cairns J. Jr
pp. 47-53. f/9) Cairns, J., Jr., Hart, K (1975) — Cairns, J., Jr., and Plafkin, J. L., Archiv fuer Protistmlcunde, Vol. 117
A method for quantitative isolation and preparation of partid('-frt•f• susrwnsions of hactcr:iophagous ciliates from diffi~r<.·nt suh- st ra lc's li u· t·lt-ct nmi" <~quut ing (1975)
"Plan- 284 J (1975) — Roanoke River Basin Comprehensive Water Resources Plan.
The threshold problem in ecosystems (1975) — Woodwell, G.M.
The determination ofthe rate constants ofisland coloniza- tion (1975) — Gilroy, D.
Development of a of an automated biological monitoring system at an cross pollution detector: field trials (1975) — Stroud K. C. G. &: Jones D. B.
Principles/or Evalu- accumulation in river fishes (1975) — Wilson C. L. & Wilson J. G.
Comments from a biologist to a D (1975) — Nelson N., Cairns J. Jr. Cairns T. L., Calvin L. D., Dinman Slobodkin L. B.
Recovery of tropical lowland forest ecosystems (1975) — Oplcr, R. A., Baker, H. G., and Frankie, G. W.
Con- 30 (1975) — Cairns J. Jr. Dickson K. L. & Westlake G. F.
Seasonal changes in the respiration of Cripe C (1975) — Burns J. R.
Increased opercular rates Ar.senal, U.S (1975) — Thomas R. E. & Rice S. D.
"Communities and Ecosystems 2nd cd." MacmiJJan Publishing Co., Inc., New York (1975) — Whittaker, R. H.
Detecting pollutants in wastewater rainbow trout Sc1imt• gairJnc•ri exposed to sublethal cn- and its application (1974) — Hargis J. R. fl976) Ventilati"n and metabolic rate of young Kitsutaka H.
The effect of zinc on the abihty of Cairns J (1974) — Bengtsson B. E.
·aims J. Jr. Dickson K (1974) — Waste Conf.• Purdue Univ. Engng Bull. 112, 14-28. Drummond R. A.• Olson G. F. & Batterman A. R.
Oxygen con- organisms for detecting toxic materials in water (1974) — Waiwood K. G. &: Johansen P. H.
Stability and Complexity in Model Eco- (1978) Polychlorinated biphenyls: biological criteria for systems, 2nd edition (1974) — May R. M.
Community respiration of equatorial plankton (1974) — Ganf, G. G.
The effects of methoxychlor on aquatic Techno/ (1974) — Eisele P. J.
Measurir.g stress in STP 607 (Edited by Cairns J (1974) — Howard T. E. & Walden C. C.
A respir- Westlake G (1974) — Tackett D. L .. Giudice J. J. &: Raible R. W.
ciples of Ecotoxicolog}' (Edited by Butler G (1974) — Coutant C. C.. Ducharme H. M. Jr & Fisher J. R.
The seasonal and spatial distribution of some benthic ciliated Protozoa in Esthwaite Water (1974) — Gouldcr, R.
The role of Protozoa in the activated sludge process (1973) — Curds, C. R.
Elfcctofplwnolonalgac (1973) — Kostyaev, V. Ya.
The Rommel S (1973) — Maki A. W., Stewart K. W. & Silvey J. K. G.
"The Biology of Protozoa'' (1973) — Sleigh, M.
Respiratory re- Callahan R (1973) — Brocksen R. W. & Bailey H. T.
Diffen·ntial sedimentation of pollen grains in lakc·s (1973) — Davis, M. H. anti Brubaker, 1.. B.
Cardiac and respirat- ents using fish (1973) — Marvin D. Jr & D. T. Burton.
Sublethal effects of bleached Kraft pulp Scientific Publications Ltd (1973) — Cairns J. Jr (197Sb) Quality control systems. In River Eco- emitting diodes. J. Fish. Res. Bd Can. 32, 1884-1886. logy (Edited by Whitten B. A.~ pp. 588-612. Blackwell's Davis J. C.
7 U.S.C., S 185 (1972 & Supp (1972) — Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act, as amended by the Federal En· vironmental Pesticide Control Act of
as amended in 1977, the Clean (1972) — Originally Federal Water Pollution. Control Act of
A critical comparison of methods for Water and E.ffluent Quality (1972) — Heath A. G.
Some basic issues in water pollution control legislation (1972) — Westman, W.E.
"Water Pollution Microbiology" .John Wiley & Sons, New York (1972) — Mitchell, R., cd.
A simple method for monitor an inQ!strial effluent (1972) — Venables B. &: Smith E. N.
Monitoring water pollution (1972) — Vivier A.
Kraft mill effluents which affect fish respiration (1971) — Spoor W. A., Neiheisel T. W. & Drummond R. A.
Selective predation by newts on frog mental Protection Agency..Office of Research and De-· tadpoles treated with DDT (1971) — Cooke A. S.
The passive dis- persal of viable algae, protozoans, and fungi by aquatic arid terrestrial Col- eoptera (1971) — Milligcr, L. E., Stewart, K. \V., and Silvcy,J. K. G.
Model Arbor (1971) — Metcalf R. L., Sangha G. K. & Kapoor I. P.
Colonization and succession of freshwater protozoans in polyurethane foam suspended in a small pond in North Carolina (1971) — Yongue, W. H.,Jr. and Cairns,J.,Jr.
Biologi- .4m (1970) — Cairns J. Jr. Sparks R. E. & Waller W. T.
Biological and chemical significanceofsur- fac:t: microlaycrs in aquatic ecosystems (1970) — Parker, B. and Barson, G.
Metabolism and evapo- Syst (1970) — Odum H. T. & Jordan C. F.
A biological model of a freshwatt•r community: a gnoto- biotic ecosystem (1969) — Taub, F. B.
Benthic ciliates in the profundal of Lake Orta (Northern Italy) (1969) — Ruggiu, D.
The importanct> of airborne algae· and Protozoa (1969) — Schlichting, H. E.,Jr.
Experimc·nta1zoogeography of islands (1969) — Simberloff, D. S. {
Avoidance of pesticides by untrained Ri\'er-Mayence Wiesbaden (1969) — Hansen D. J. {
Effects of exercise on cardiac and sponses of biosensors to toxic spills (1969) — Sutterlin A. M.
Not peace, but ecology (1969) — Hardin, G.
;CrowandTaub, 1979;TaubandCrow, 1981;.Tauheta/., 198l),but many arc not (1969) — Fr"llll'lllt1 Pmtn;:.oan f:omnm11111rl 'l.7i
Avoidance reactions of salmonid fish water treatment (1968) — Sprague J. B.
The relationship between species diversity and stability: an experimental approach with Pro- tozoa and bacteria (1968) — Lubin, M.D., Mathias,]., and Vandermeer,J. H.
Avoidance reactions or rainbow trout monitor the locomotor behavior of free-swimming aqua- to zinc sulphate solutions (1968) — Sprague J. B.
Experim<~ntal ~oogeography of islands (1968) — Wilson, E. 0. and SimlwrlofT, D. S.
The relative sensitivity of diatoms, snails, and fish to twenty common constituents of industrial wastes (1968) — Patrick, R., Cairns,J.,Jr., and Scheier, A.
Changes in blood of the 1976 National Conference on Control of Hazardous pressure, heart rate and breathing rate during moderate Material Spills (1967) — Stevens E. D. &: Randall D. J.
The pattern of autotrophic succf'ssion in laboratory microcosms (1967) — Cooke, G. D.
A new method for collecting sessile ciliates in plastic petri dishes with tight-fitting lids ..Jouma/ '!f Proto~oology 14, 735-744 (1967) — Spoon, D. M. and Burhanck, W. D.
An ecological study of the ciliated Protozoa in activated sludge (1966) — Curds, C. R.
Long-term activity Kleerekoper H., Timms A.M .• Westlake G (1966) — Heusner A. A. & Enright J. T.
Respi:-l'ltion of fishes with special emphasis on ~tandard llxygcn consumption (1964) — Beamish F. W. H.
The respin.tory metabolism and swim- quality (1964) — Brett J. R.
Meteorological conditions afft>cting thf" dis- persal of airborn(· algae and Protozoa (1964) — Schlichting, H. E., Jr.
Avoidance of copper-zinc solutions by 257-269 (1964) — Sprague J. B.
Scasl>nal changes in the '\tandard and protectors, but this may be too idealistic for the rate of oxygen consumption of fishes (1964)
A preliminary Kleerekoper H .• Westlake G (1963) — Herbert D. W. M. & Shurben D. S.
The cannonical distribution of commonness and rarity (1962) — Preston, F. W.
The effects of thermal stratification on the distribution of benthic Protozoa in Esthwaite (1961) — Webb, M. C.:.
A quantitative method for the col- lection and measurement of stream periphyton (1960) — Grzenda, A. R. and Brehmer, M. L.
We must demonstrate that the response (end point) is useful for establishing limitations on the discharge of a substance or in the study of nonpoint source discharges (1960)
Competition for food between two carnivorous ciliates (1958) — Evans, F. R.
Ecological studies oft he planktonic ProttJt.oa of a small artificial pond (1958) — Bamforth, S. S.
Some factors in the life of free-living Protozoa (1957) — Kitching, J. A.
Reaction of ciliates to environmental f~l('tor (1956) — Stout, J. D.
An investigation of H\!nderson C (1956)
Toxicity of six <"hrmical com- pounds to 30 culturrs of algae (1956) — Maloney, T. E. and Palmer, C. !\f.
An ecological study of the microbcnthic fauna of two Minnesota lakes (1955) — Cole, G. A.
A new method for deter- mining the pattern of the diatom flora (1954) — Patrick, R., Hohn, M. H., and Wallace,J. H.
The reaction of fish to water of low Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (1952)
Bio-assay for the evaluation of acute toxicity of industrial wastes to fish (1951) — Patrick R., Strong E.R., Surber E.W. and Van Horn W.M.
Aerial plankton and its conditions of life (1948) — Gislen, T.
the burning issue was whether biological testing had any role to play in pollution assessment (1948) — Concluding Remarks When I entered the field of pollution assessment in
The Evaluation of the Toxicity of Industrial wastes, Chemicals and-other Substances to Fresh Water Fishes (1945) — Hart, W.B., Dourdoroff P. and Greenban~J.
A limnological investigation of the microscopic benthic fauna of Douglas Lake, Michigan (1939) — Moore, G. M.
The protozoan scquf•nce in fiv<: plant infusions (1931) — Unger, W. B.
Wimperiti<~r od<·r Ciliata (lnfusionia) (1930) — Kahl, A.
The respiratory movements of fish as Biological monitorang Part I 1193 an indicator of a ll>Xic cn"ironment (1929)
Ecological studies of the seasonal distributi(ln of Protozoa in a freshwater pond (1928) — Wang, C. C.
Succession of Protozoa in c:ulturcs under controlled con- ditions (1928) — Eddy, S.
Observations on the ecology of the Protozoa (1917) — Hausman, L.A.
Race St., Philadelphia, Pa., 19103) (1916) — Chemical Substances to Aquatic Life, Copyright ASTM
article (23)
Hydrobiologia (1983)
Clean Water Goals (1981) — Christman
EPA Policy for Testing Toxics (1981) — Deland
Science November 1981 issue (1981)
Risk and Benefit in Environmental Law (1981) — Ricci & Moltan
Show 18 more article
The River Continuum Concept (1980) — Vannote, R. L., Minshall, G. W., Cummins, K. W., Sedell, J. R., and Cushing, C. E.
Sampling and the Regulatory Maze in the United States (1980) — Schaeffer, Park, Kerster, & Janardan
Hazard Analysis in Toxic Materials Evaluation (1979) — Cairns, Jr. & Maki
The Ecological Factors that Produce Perturbation-Dependent Ecosystems (1979) — Vogl, R. J.
Water quality criteria (1978)
Bick (1971) — Bick
Heavy Metal Content of Plants Growing on Soils Contaminated by Lead Mining (1971) — Alloway, B. J. and Davies, B. E.
Curds (1966) — Curds
Bio-assay for the Evaluation of Acute Toxicity on Industrial Wastes to Fish (1951) — Doudoroff, P., Anderson, B. G., Burdick, G. E., Galtsoff, P. S., Hart, W. B., Patrick, R., Strong, E. R., Surber, E. W., and Van Horn, W. M.
Patrick (1949) — Patrick
A proposed Biological Measure of Stream Conditions, Based on a Survey of the Conestoga Basin, Lancaster County, Pennsylvania (1949) — Patrick, R.
Preston (1948) — Preston
Barker (1946) — Barker
Picken (1937) — Picken
Lackey (1925) — Lackey
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry — C.H. Ward
pioneer colonization of artificial substrates
BIOLOGICAL MONITORING PART I--EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS — JOHN CAIRNS JR and W. H. VANDER SCHALIE
book (11)
Multispecies Toxicity Testing (1985) — John Cairns, Jr.
Ecoaccidents (1985) — John Cairns, Jr.
Modeling for Estimating the Fate of Chemicals in Aquatic Environments (1982) — Dickson, K. L., Maki, A. W., and Cairns, J. Jr.
Biotransformation and Fate of Chemicals in the Aquatic Environment (1980) — Maki, A. W., Dickson, K. L., and Cairns, J. Jr.
Analyzing the Hazard Evaluation Process (1979) — K. L. Dickson, A. Maki, and J. Cairns, Jr.
Show 6 more book
Ecology and Evolution of Communities (1975) — M. L. Cody and J. M. Diamond
Sleigh (1973) — Sleigh
Noland and Gojdics (1967) — Noland and Gojdics
Kahl (1930) — Kahl
Pascher (1913) — Pascher
Environmental Hazard Assessment of Effluents — Harold L. Bergman, Richard A. Kimerie, Alan W. Maki
report (7)
Testing for Effects of Chemicals on Ecosystems (1981) — Cairns, J. Jr., Alexander, M., Cummins, K. W., Edmondson, W. T., Goldman, C. R., Harte, J., Hartung, R., Isensee, A. R., Levins, R., McCormick, J. F., Peterle, T. J., and Zar, J. H.
Munitions for Environmental Pollution Control (1977) — Committee on Human Resources
Principles for Evaluating Chemicals in the Environment (1975) — National Academy of Sciences
Federal Register (1974)
Water Quality Criteria 1972 (1973) — National Academy of Sciences
Show 2 more report
simple batch toxicity testing method (1945) — Hart et al.
The Evolution of the Toxicity of Industrial Wastes. Chemicals and Other Substances to Freshwater Fishes (1945) — Hart, W. B., Doudoroff, P., and Greenback, J.
legislation (4)
Toxic Substances Control Act of 1976 (1976)
Clean Water Act of 1972 (1972)
Federal Insecticide, Fungicide and Rodenticide Act (1972)