Anaerobic batch sediment incubation for metal release

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Method synopsis

Anaerobic batch incubation experiments using sediment samples and artificial river water to monitor Fe(II) and Mn(II) production and release over time under controlled redox conditions.

Synthesized from method descriptions across 1 paper using this protocol.

Procedure as described in the canonical source

Steps below were extracted from the paper that introduces this protocol — Geochemical Controls on Release and Speciation of Fe(II) and Mn(II) From Hyporheic Sediments of East River, Colorado (2020), Frontiers in Water. Implementations in other papers (listed below) may differ.

1. Artificial river water preparation
   Artificial river water was synthesized based on annual average water chemistry of Pump House stream water. Water was dissolved in Milli-Q water and sparged gently with air for 3 days to ensure equilibrium with atmospheric CO2 and O2. pH was adjusted with small amount of HCl/NaOH to achieve final pH of 8.2. After equilibrium, water was filtered through 0.2 μm Corning filter system to remove microbes.
   Quantities: 135 mL artificial river water per bottle, pH 8.2, 0.2 μm filtration, major ions: Na+ 72.0 μM, K+ 15.0 μM, Mg2+ 270.0 μM, Ca2+ 1141.0 μM, Cl- 25.0 μM, NO3- 40.0 μM, SO42- 500.0 μM, HCO3- 2100.7 μMDuration: 3 days sparging with airConditions: Atmospheric equilibration, final pH 8.2, sterile conditions after filtration
   Equipment: Milli-Q water system, air sparging system, HCl/NaOH, 0.2 μm Corning filter system, polystyrene sterile filter
2. Batch incubation setup
   Batch incubation experiments conducted in duplicate in anaerobic glovebox (~2% H2 and ~98% N2) under ambient temperature (22.5°C). Field-moist sediment samples (15.0 g dry weight equivalent) and artificial river water (135 mL) were mixed in 160-mL serum bottles. Bottles sealed with blue rubber stoppers and aluminum crimp caps, headspace immediately purged with N2 to remove atmospheric O2 and CO2.
   Quantities: 15.0 g dry weight equivalent sediment, 135 mL artificial river water, 160-mL serum bottles, duplicate experimentsDuration: 57 days incubation periodConditions: Anaerobic glovebox (~2% H2, ~98% N2), ambient temperature 22.5°C, N2-purged headspace
   anaerobic glovebox, 160-mL serum bottles, blue rubber stoppers, aluminum crimp caps, N2 gas

Typical Equipment

• anaerobic glovebox
• 160-mL serum bottles
• VWR Orbital Shaker 5000
• centrifuge
• 0.2 μm Supor membrane syringe filters

Output Measurements

• dissolved Fe(II)
• dissolved Mn(II)
• total Fe(II)
• DOC
• pH

Papers Using This Protocol (1)

Species Studied With This Protocol

Places Where Used