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Animals that experience fear or stress may produce alarm calls, fear screams and mobbing calls and by doing so communicate their current state to conspecifics. These sounds are created by often easily identified because they contain nonlinear acoustic attributes that are somewhat acoustically unpredictable and sound harsh. The unpredictability hypothesis explains that because the nonlinearities are so variable and unpredictable, the sounds are difficult the habituate to. Animals should have increased responses to sounds with nonlinearities in them compared to sounds that don’t have nonlinearities. We studied Lincoln’s Sparrows (Melospiza lincolnii) and found that there are small but non-significant effects of non-linear sounds on sparrow behavior. This could be a function that the sparrows are relatively unhabituated and were responding more to the presence of the human than to the experimental playbacks.
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