Pressing flowers between pages…
Species in a Colorado subalpine ecosystem show subtle interdependences. Red-naped sapsuckers play two distinct keystone roles. They excavate nest cavities in fungus-infected aspens that are required as nest sites by two species of swallows, and they drill sap wells into willows that provide abundant nourishment for themselves, hummingbirds, orange-crowned warblers, chipmunks, and an array of other sap robbers. The swallows thus depend on, and the sap robbers benefit from, a keystone species complex comprised of sapsuckers, willows, aspens, and a heartwood fungus. Disappearance of any element of the complex could cause an unanticipated unraveling of the community.
Knowledge graph centered on Double keystone bird in a keystone species complex with 38 nodes and 226 connections. Top connected: Hummingbird, Spruce, Populus, Populus tremuloides, Picea engelmannii.
Items connected by shared entities, co-authorship, citations, or semantic similarity.