Testing for the genetic basis of cold tolerance in a wild mustard

Abstract

Overwinter survival and cold tolerance are complex quantitative traits that are important in understanding adaptation to different environments. I evaluated 422 genotypes of Boechera stricta, originating form different geographic locations and elevations, in a common garden genome wide association study (GWAS) experiment in the Rocky Mountains. I measured overwinter survival in 3895 GWAS plants that have been fully sequenced as a part of the original experiment. Using sequenced genetic information from the plants, I looked for correlations between survival and genetic variation in a quantitative trait locus previously implicated in cold tolerance adaptation in this species. I found variation in overwinter survival across broad population groups reflecting different genetic and evolutionary histories, as well as in relation to one aspect of genetic variation within the quantitative trait locus specifically. The population groups Utah and West had higher survival rates than those from Colorado in the Colorado common garden experiment. In a test for local adaptation, population group was a significant predictor of overwinter survival, while elevation, latitude and longitude were not. This indicates that the cold tolerance trait is likely not locally adapted.

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