Concepts

Food availability timing related to snow melt and vegetation growth potentially mismatched with juvenile foraging periods

Anthropogenic environmental change expected to alter soil moisture availability and increase nitrogen deposition

Experimental design where seeds from broad elevational gradient planted into four common gardens in four treatments

Quantitative measure that sums multiple adversity measures experienced during early life to assess overall adversity burden

Adverse experiences during the period between conception and sexual maturity that can impact later life health and survival

A life-history trait that buffers marmots against climate change by allowing them to escape changes in climate and effectively expand their ecological niches