Concepts

Plant defense that reduces but does not eliminate herbivore performance, mediated by multiple genes with additive effects

Seasonal changes in ant colony composition between sexual and worker ant production phases

Marked differences between sexes in immune response, with males often having smaller spleens and higher testosterone levels linked to immunosuppression

Organization of individuals within populations based on family groups and territorial patterns

When species limit the abundance or occurrence of other resources or hinder an ecosystem process or human activity

Retention of viable sperm in female spermatheca after mating for extended periods allowing delayed fertilization