Protocols

Controlled experiments testing marmots' ability to distinguish between individuals using acoustic and olfactory cues to assess recognition capabilities within social groups.

Standardized 4-minute test immediately following open field test where a mirror is revealed to measure sociability and aggressive responses toward conspecific image, recorded via overhead camera.

Live-trapping of marmots to assess docility through standardized behavioral responses during capture and handling, including alarm calling propensity in trap situations.

Deployment of novel puzzle boxes with multiple solution pathways to test problem-solving ability and innovation in wild animals. Video recorded trials allow detailed behavioral analysis of problem-sol...

Field playback experiments testing Mule deer responses to predator and control vocalizations. Single observer approached focal deer, conducted pre- and post-stimulus behavioral observations, and broad...