Protocols

Shade cloths suspended 3m above treatment plots accelerate snowmelt by 5-7 days when snowpack reaches ~1m depth, simulating earlier spring snowmelt conditions. Cloths removed after complete treatment ...

Controlled factorial experiment manipulating both water availability and pollen supplementation to test for interactive effects on plant reproduction.

Plant tissues are subjected to controlled freezing temperatures in a programmable chamber to determine frost damage thresholds. Temperatures are gradually reduced to simulate natural frost events, the...