Protocols

Multi-temporal soil moisture measurements using TDR probe combined with soil coring and laboratory processing to determine moisture content, bulk density, and texture characteristics across environmen...

Time-series analysis of Landsat and Sentinel satellite imagery to determine seasonal snow disappearance dates using Normalized Difference Snow Index with interpolation algorithms to fill temporal gaps...

Region-growing algorithm that iteratively incorporates LiDAR points into candidate tree canopies starting from seed locations identified as local height maxima with height-dependent neighborhoods.

Machine learning approach for snow cover mapping using PlanetScope imagery with multiple model configurations incorporating spectral, topographic, and vegetation variables. Performance evaluation acro...

Deployment of temperature loggers at multiple depths in aquatic habitats with half-hourly recordings over multi-week periods. Includes post-processing gap-filling using reference gauge data.

A two-stage Bayesian hierarchical approach that identifies unique individuals across LiDAR scans by modeling observed locations as noisy transformations of latent true locations, then propagates linka...

Calculation of potential solar radiation at study sites using topographic variables including sun angle, latitude, ground slope, local shading, and day length.

High-resolution airborne hyperspectral and lidar data collection and analysis to classify land cover types and derive vegetation parameters for hydrologic modeling.

Machine learning approach using Random Forest algorithms to downscale coarse resolution climate data to higher spatial resolution using topographic predictors. Models are trained on relationships betw...

Collection and analysis of daily temperature data to calculate deviations from long-term averages. Multi-year averages are computed and compared to daily values to quantify temperature anomalies.

Uses ASTER thermal infrared data to identify areas of anomalous surface temperature. Areas with modeled temperatures between 1° and 2° above the mean are classified as weakly anomalous to anomalous.

Uses xESMF package to interpolate different UAS measurements to a common rectilinear grid, with bilinear interpolation for soil moisture and conservative interpolation for other variables.

Gap-filling areas outside Upper East River domain with interpolated data from 3m ASO DEM, harmonized with NEON DEM and filtered to remove small pits and peaks.

Processing of discrete-return LiDAR data using lidR package to generate canopy height models. Includes normalization, subsetting, and reprojection.

Statistical method used to fill missing data areas using relationships between 2018 and 2019 snow depths or snow depth to elevation relationships.

Calculation of Normalized Differential Vegetation Index from 4-band aerial imagery using (NIR-Red)/(NIR+Red) formula.

Creation of digital surface model from 2018 NEON Airborne Observation Platform dataset representing height above sea level for objects attached to the ground.

Flow lines derived in GRASS GIS using a single direction algorithm from hydrologically corrected digital elevation model to delineate watersheds draining at least 512000 square meters.

Rain measurements recorded via tipping bucket rain gauge, though may not be accurate for winter precipitation events like snow.

Soil moisture measurements using the Lobe Differencing Correlation Radiometer (LDCR) L-Band microwave radiometer flown on aerial platforms.

UAV flights using DJI Mavic 2 Pro collecting RGB images with 3cm ground sample distance. Images processed via Structure from Motion in Agisoft Metashape to create georeferenced orthomosaics.

Records the UTM Y Coordinate for every pixel using the WGS84 UTM Zone 13N Coordinate System (EPSG:32613).

High-density airborne LiDAR scans collected in August-September 2015 and 2019 to generate normalized point clouds.

Resampling of 0.6m resolution imagery to 1m grid resolution using bilinear interpolation.

Map generated with the cost distance GRASS GIS module (r.cost) using estimated travel speeds as the cost function.

Light intensities in lux recorded using HOBO data-loggers from 2008-2010. Readings taken exactly hourly at trap-nest sites.

Temperatures above 5°C summed only for days estimated to be free of snow to measure energy available for biological processes.

Applies subcanopy solar radiation model from Bode et al. 2014 to account for vegetation shading greater than 1m in height.